Python 有不同的可视化包，可用于制作不同类型的图表、图形和绘图。Pygal 是一个开源的 Python 包，它不仅可以生成高度交互的绘图，还可以生成图形和绘图的 SVG 图片，允许我们根据需要使用和修改它们。Pygal 非常灵活，只需要几行代码即可生成图表。
另请阅读：4 个简单的 Python 绘图库及示例
在本教程中，我们将探索可以使用创建的折线图可视化PyGal以及如何下载相同SVG格式的折线图可视化。
在我们开始检查 pygal 之前，必须先安装它pip install pygal。安装后，我们将导入 pygal 进行可视化。
我们将使用下面的代码从简单的折线图开始可视化。我们将首先使用该函数创建一个空折线图Line，并使用该属性设置图表的标题title。
接下来，我们将随机设置x_labels，然后我们将为四种不同的编程语言制作折线图，并为每个折线图添加折线标签和值。最后，我们将使用该方法以 SVG 格式保存并渲染绘图render_to_file。
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# Create an empty Line ChartLine_Chart = pygal.Line()# Set title of the Line ChartLine_Chart.title = 'A demonstration of Line Chart using Pygal'# Set x labels/valuesLine_Chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2000, 2022)) # Adding Line Chart for each language popularity over the yearsLine_Chart.add('Python', [None, None, 0, 16.1, 22, 30, 36.9, 45.1, 46.1, 42.33, 37.11, 38.5,50.78, 53.62, 55.37, 60.22, 60.5, 61.68, 68.65, 79.83, 80.25, 85.44]) Line_Chart.add('Kotlin', [None, None, None, None, None, None, 0, 3.5, 10.1, 23.1, 35.2,24.03, 46.53, 46.74, 47.31, 59.93, 16.11, 22.94, 23.56,1.86, 16.07]) Line_Chart.add('C++', [0.99, 7.15, 8.39, 9.78, 14.0, 25.66, 33.3, 35.8, 40.11, 54.92, 57.17, 60.14, 68.63, 73.11, 75.99, 79.37, 89.73, 90.82, 95.71,60.66,61.43, 64.94]) Line_Chart.add('Java', [14.1, 15.8, 15.1, 8.8, 8, 10.1, 18.4, 15.1, 16.6, 16.1, 17.4,19.27, 21.24, 29.29, 38.04, 43.24, 54.0, 62.55,11.28, 12.08, 13.19,29.35]) # Save the plot in svg formatLine_Chart.render_to_file('Line_Chart_Demo.svg') |
我们还可以Horizontal Line Chart借助HorizontalLine以下代码所示的方法进行可视化。其余代码保持完全相同。
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# Create an empty Line ChartLine_Chart = pygal.HorizontalLine()# Set title of the Line ChartLine_Chart.title = 'A Horizontal Line Chart using Pygal'# Set x labels/valuesLine_Chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2000, 2022)) # Adding Line Chart for each language popularity over the yearsLine_Chart.add('Python', [None, None, 0, 16.1, 22, 30, 36.9, 45.1, 46.1, 42.33, 37.11, 38.5,50.78, 53.62, 55.37, 60.22, 60.5, 61.68, 68.65, 79.83, 80.25, 85.44]) Line_Chart.add('Kotlin', [None, None, None, None, None, None, 0, 3.5, 10.1, 23.1, 35.2,24.03, 46.53, 46.74, 47.31, 59.93, 16.11, 22.94, 23.56,1.86, 16.07]) Line_Chart.add('C++', [0.99, 7.15, 8.39, 9.78, 14.0, 25.66, 33.3, 35.8, 40.11, 54.92, 57.17, 60.14, 68.63, 73.11, 75.99, 79.37, 89.73, 90.82, 95.71,60.66,61.43, 64.94]) Line_Chart.add('Java', [14.1, 15.8, 15.1, 8.8, 8, 10.1, 18.4, 15.1, 16.6, 16.1, 17.4,19.27, 21.24, 29.29, 38.04, 43.24, 54.0, 62.55,11.28, 12.08, 13.19,29.35]) # Save the plot in svg formatLine_Chart.render_to_file('Horizontal_Line_Chart_Demo.svg') |
我们还可以Stacked Line Chart借助StackedLine以下代码所示的方法进行可视化。我们可以传递一个属性fill来True填充线图并发挥创意！
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# Create an empty Line ChartLine_Chart = pygal.StackedLine(fill=True)# Set title of the Line ChartLine_Chart.title = 'A Stacked Line Chart (Filled) using Pygal'# Set x labels/valuesLine_Chart.x_labels = map(str, range(2000, 2022)) # Adding Line Chart for each language popularity over the yearsLine_Chart.add('Python', [None, None, 0, 16.1, 22, 30, 36.9, 45.1, 46.1, 42.33, 37.11, 38.5,50.78, 53.62, 55.37, 60.22, 60.5, 61.68, 68.65, 79.83, 80.25, 85.44]) Line_Chart.add('Kotlin', [None, None, None, None, None, None, 0, 3.5, 10.1, 23.1, 35.2,24.03, 46.53, 46.74, 47.31, 59.93, 16.11, 22.94, 23.56,1.86, 16.07]) Line_Chart.add('C++', [0.99, 7.15, 8.39, 9.78, 14.0, 25.66, 33.3, 35.8, 40.11, 54.92, 57.17, 60.14, 68.63, 73.11, 75.99, 79.37, 89.73, 90.82, 95.71,60.66,61.43, 64.94]) Line_Chart.add('Java', [14.1, 15.8, 15.1, 8.8, 8, 10.1, 18.4, 15.1, 16.6, 16.1, 17.4,19.27, 21.24, 29.29, 38.04, 43.24, 54.0, 62.55,11.28, 12.08, 13.19,29.35]) # Save the plot in svg formatLine_Chart.render_to_file('Stacked_Filled_Line_Chart_Demo.svg') |
我希望您通过本教程学到一些新的、有趣的东西。
感谢您的阅读！
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